Clause, Phrase, and Sentence

English Grammar ရဲ႕ အဓိကအစိတ္အပုိင္းေတြဟာ clauses ေတြပါပဲ။

[an unlucky student almost lost a 17^th century violin worth almost £200,000]

[when he left it in the waiting room of a London station]

[William Brown inherited the 1698 Stradivarious violin from his mother]

[and had just had it valued by a London dealer at £180,000]

Clauses ေတြကုိ phrases ေတြနဲ႔ဖြဲ႔စည္းထားတယ္။

[an unlucky student` + [almost lost] + [a 17^th century violin worth almost £200,000]

[when] + [he] + [left] + [it] + [in the waiting room of a London station]

[William Brow] + [inherited] + [the 1698 Stradivarious violin] + [from his mother]

[and] + [had just had it valued] + [by a London dealer] + [at £180,000]

Clauses ႏွစ္ခု၊ သံုးခု စသည္ ေပါင္းစပ္ၿပီးေတာ့ sentence ေတြကိုဖြဲ႔စည္းပါတယ္။

An unlucky student almost lost a 17^th century violin worth almost £200,000 when he left it in the waiting room of a London station.

William Brown inherited the 1698 Stradivarious violin from his mother and had just had it valued by a London dealer at £180,000.

1. Clause Structure

Clause တစ္ခုမွာ အနဲဆံုး noun phrase ရယ္ verb phrase ရယ္ ဆုိၿပီး အစိတ္အပိုင္းႏွစ္ခုပါ၀င္ပါတယ္။

Noun phrase (subject)	Verb phrase (verb)
The children	laughed
All the people in the bus	were watching

Clause အမ်ားစုမွာ အစိတ္အပုိင္း ႏွစ္ခုထက္ပိုၿပီးေတာ့ပါ၀င္ပါတယ္။

Noun phrase (subject)	Verb phrase
The children	laughed
John	wanted	a new bicycle
All of the girls	are learning	English
This soup	tastes	awful
Mary and the family	were driving	to Madrid
She	put	the flowers	in a vase

ပထမဆံုး Noun phrase ဟာ sentence ရဲ႕ subject ပါပဲ။

The children laughed.

John wanted a new bicycle.

All the girls are learning English.

She put the flowers in a vase.

English clause ေတြမွာ subject ပါရတယ္။

His father has just retired. Was a teacher. He was a teacher.

I’m waiting for my wife. Is late. She is late.

သို႔ေသာ္ အမိန္႔ေပးတဲ့ Imperative နဲ႔ ယဥ္ယဥ္ေက်းေက်းခုိင္းတဲ့ imperative ေတြမွာေတာ့ subject မပါဘူး။

Stop!

Go away.

Please come to dinner tomorrow.

Play it again please.

အျခား subject မပါဘူးဆုိရင္ There တို႔ it တုိ႔ကုိ ထည့္ေပးရတယ္။ အဲဒါကို dummy subject လို႔ေခၚတယ္။

There were twenty people at the meeting.

There will be an eclipse of the moon tonight.

It’s a lovely day.

It’s nearly one o’clock.

I have toothache. It hurts a lot.